Letsatsi la Lefatshe la Diabetes ke lets'olo la mantlha la tlhokomeliso ea lefats'e le shebaneng le lefu la tsoekere 'me le tšoaroa ka la 14 Pulungoana selemo se seng le se seng.
E ne e etelletsoe pele ke International Diabetes Federation (IDF), Letsatsi le leng le le leng la Lefatše la lefu la tsoekere le shebane le sehlooho se amanang le lefu la tsoekere;lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 2 hangata le ka thibeloa ebile le phekoleha le sa tšoaetsanoeng le ntseng le eketseha ka sekhahla lefatšeng ka bophara.Mofuta oa 1 oa lefu la tsoekere ha o thibeloe empa o ka laoloa ka liente tsa insulin.Lihlooho tse tšohloang li kenyeletsa lefu la tsoekere le litokelo tsa botho, lefu la tsoekere le mokhoa oa bophelo, lefu la tsoekere le botenya, lefu la tsoekere ho bahloki le ba tlokotsing, le lefu la tsoekere baneng le bacha.
Lefu la tsoekere ke eng?
Lefu la tsoekere ke lefu le sa foleng le hlahang ha manyeme a sa hlahise insulin e lekaneng kapa 'mele o sitoa ho sebelisa insulin eo o e hlahisang ka nepo.Insulin ke hormone e laolang tsoekere ea mali.Hyperglycemia, kapa tsoekere e phahameng ea mali, ke phello e tloaelehileng ea lefu la tsoekere le sa laoleheng, leo ka mor'a nako e ka senyang tsamaiso e mengata ea 'mele, haholo-holo methapo le methapo ea mali.
Teko e amanang le lefu la tsoekere haholo-holo ke tlhahlobo ea tsoekere ea mali, ho kenyelletsa tlhahlobo ea mamello ea tsoekere ea mali, tlhahlobo ea mamello ea tsoekere (OGTT), le hemoglobin ea glycosylated.Leha tlhahlobo ea tsoekere ea mali e sebelisoa haholo, ho ka 'na ha e-ba le bofokoli bo itseng.Mohlala, e khona ho lekola boemo ba tsoekere ea mali feela 'meleng,' me tlhahlobo e le 'ngoe feela ea hore tsoekere ea mali e potlakile e ka etsa hore lefu la tsoekere le fosoe.e phahameng kapa e tloaelehileng.Kaha hyperglycemia e bakoa ke bofokoli ba tlhahiso ea insulin kapa litlamorao tsa eona tsa tlhaho, kapa ka bobeli, ho hlokahala matšoao a hlakileng a ho lemoha ho hlahisoa ha insulin ts'ebetsong ea bongaka.
Kenyelletso ea insulin le C-peptide:
Insuline na le li-amino acid tse 51 tse nang le liketane tse peli tsa peptide, A le B, tse hokahantsoeng ka litlamo tse peli tsa disulfide.E entsoe ka lisele tsa β-pancreatic.Mosebetsi oa eona o ka sehloohong ke ho khothaletsa phetoho ea tsoekere le tlhahiso ea glycogen, le ho thibela gluconeogenesis.Ka tsela eo ho boloka botsitso ba tsoekere ea mali.
C-peptideE hlahisoa ke lisele tsa pancreatic β mme e na le selelekela se tloaelehileng, proinsulin, le insulin.Proinsulin e arotsoe ka molek'hule e le 1 ea insulin le molek'hule e le 'ngoe ea C-peptide, kahoo boima ba molar ba C-peptide bo lumellana le insulin ea eona,' me ho lekanya C-peptide ke ho lekanya litaba tsa insulin.Ka nako e ts'oanang, ha e sebetse ke sebete joalo ka insulin ts'ebetsong ea metabolic, mme halofo ea eona ea bophelo e telele ho feta ea insulin, ka hona, litaba tsa C-peptide maling a peripheral li tsitsitse ho feta insulin, 'me ha li joalo. e angoa ke insulin e tsoang kantle,kahoo e ka bonahatsa hantle ts'ebetso ea "Pancreatic β-cell".
Lipontšo tsa kliniki ke life?
Insulin le C-peptide ke matšoao a bohlokoa a ho lemoha insulin.Ka liteko tsena tse peli, bakuli ba ka tseba hore na ba haelloa ke insulin kapa ba haelloa ke insulin, ebang ke mofuta oa lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 1 kapa lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 2.
Mofuta oa 1 oa lefu la tsoekere, eo pele e neng e tsejoa e le lefu la tsoekere le itšetlehileng ka insulin, e baka hoo e ka bang10%ea palo eohle ea bakuli ba lefu la tsoekere 'me hangata e hlaha ho bana le bacha.
Lebaka ke hore lisele tsa "pancreatic islet B" li senngoa ke "cell-mediated autoimmunity" mme ha li khone ho kopanya le ho hlahisa insulin ka botsona.Ho ka 'na ha e-ba le mefuta e fapaneng ea li-autoantibodies ka serum qalong ea lefu lena.Ha lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 1 le hlaha, matšoao a lefu la tsoekere a totobala haholoanyane, 'me ketosis e atisa ho etsahala, ke hore, ho na le tšekamelo ea ketosis,' me e hloka ho itšetleha ka insulin ea kantle ho naha hore e phele.Hang ha kalafo ea insulin e emisitsoe, e tla beha bophelo kotsing.Kamora ho fumana kalafo ea insulin, ts'ebetso ea lisele tsa "pancreatic islet B" ea ntlafala, palo ea lisele tsa B le eona ea eketseha, matšoao a kliniki aa ntlafala, mme lethal dose la insulin le ka fokotseha.Ena ke nako eo ho thoeng ke haneymoon, e ka nkang likhoeli tse 'maloa.Ka mor'a moo, ha lefu lena le ntse le tsoela pele,ho ntse ho hlokahala ho itšetleha ka thuso ea kantle ho insulin ho laola maemo a tsoekere ea mali le ho thibela tlhahiso ea 'mele ea ketone.
Mofuta oa 2 oa lefu la tsoekere, eo pele e neng e tsejoa e le lefu la tsoekere le sa itšetleheng ka insulin, le baka hoo e ka bang90%ea palo eohle ea bakuli ba lefu la tsoekere, 'me boholo ba bona ba fumanoa kamora lilemo tse 35.
Tšimoloho e lieha ebile e bolotsana.Lisele tsa Islet li hlahisa insulin e ngata kapa e nyane, kapa e tloaelehileng, 'me tlhoro ea secretion e fetoha hamorao.Hoo e ka bang 60% ea bakuli ba nang le lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 2 ba batenya kapa ba batenya.Ho ja ho tlōla ka nako e telele, ho ja lik’hilojule tse ngata, ho nona butle-butle, esita le botenya.Botenya bo lebisa ho ho hanyetsa insulin, tsoekere e phahameng ea mali, 'me ha ho na tšekamelo e hlakileng ea ketosis.Bakuli ba bangata ba ka laola tsoekere ea mali ka mokhoa o tsitsitseng ka mor'a ho laola lijo le lithethefatsi tsa molomo tsa hypoglycemic;leha ho le joalo, bakuli ba bang, haholo-holo bakuli ba batenya haholo, ba hloka insulin e sa tloaelehang ho laola tsoekere ea mali.Mofuta oa 2 oa lefu la tsoekere o na le lefa le hlakileng la lelapa.
Joang ho thibela lefu la tsoekere?
Ho hakanngoa hore batho ba baholo ba limilione tse 422 lefatšeng ka bophara ba ne ba e-na le lefu la tsoekere ka 2014, ho tloha ho limilione tse 108 ka 1980. Ho feta moo, ho ata ha lefu la tsoekere lefatšeng ka bophara ho batla ho imena habeli ho tloha ka 1980, ho tloha ho 4.7% ho ea ho 8.5% ea batho ba baholo.Lefu la tsoekere le bolaea batho ba limilione tse 3.4 selemo se seng le se seng ’me, haeba le sa phekoloe hantle, le ka baka kholofalo ’meleng ho akarelletsa le bofofu.Sena se fana ka maikutlo a hore mabaka a kotsi a amanang le ho ba boima bo feteletseng kapa botenya le ona a ntse a eketseha.Ho ata ha lefu la tsoekere ho eketsehile ka potlako linaheng tse nang le chelete e tlaase le e bohareng ho feta linaheng tse nang le chelete e ngata lilemong tse leshome tse fetileng.Litaba tse monate ke hore ka phekolo ea meriana le taolo ea boitšoaro, batho ba nang le lefu la tsoekere ba ka phela bophelo bo tloaelehileng le nako ea bophelo joaloka batho ba phelang hantle.
Kahoo, a re arolelaneng le uena mekhoa e 'maloa ea ho thibela lefu la tsoekere:
1. Ho ikoetlisa: Ho ikoetlisa kamehla ke e ’ngoe ea litsela tse molemohali tsa ho thibela kapa ho laola lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 2.Ha e le hantle, ho se ikoetlise le ho se sebetse nako e telele ho ka eketsa kotsi ea lefu la tsoekere.Ho ikoetlisa kamehla ho ka ntlafatsa bokhoni ba mesifa ea ho sebelisa insulin le ho monya tsoekere, hape ho ka imolla khatello ea lisele tse ling tse hlahisang insulin.Ho ikoetlisa ho na le molemo o mong, e leng hore ho ka u thusa ho theola boima ba 'mele.Hafeela u ka qeta matsatsi a 5 ka beke u ikoetlisa ka metsotso e 30 nako le nako, ho tla thusa haholo ho ntlafatsa khatello ea mali le k'holeseterole.Ho ikoetlisa ke mokhoa o atlehang ka ho fetisisa oa ho loantša lefu la tsoekere.
2. Lijo tse phetseng hantle: Lijo tse phetseng hantle li bohlokoa haholo ho thibela kapa ho laola lefu la tsoekere.Ha u khetha lino, u lokela ho khetha metsi a tloaelehileng, lino tse se nang tsoekere, kapa kofi e se nang tsoekere, 'me u qobe lino tse tsoekere.Bana le batho ba baholo ba noang lino tse tsoekere khafetsa ba na le monyetla oa ho ba batenya.Ho feta moo, lino tse tsoekere li ka tlatsetsa ho hanyetsa insulin.Mabapi le ho ja mafura, u lokela ho qoba "mafura a mabe" 'me u khethe "mafura a matle".Ho ja oli ea meroho le oli ea linate ho ka eketsa kamohelo ea tsoekere ka li-insulin receptors meleng ea motho le ho thusa ho thibela lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 2.Fokotsa ho ja lik'habohaedreite tse entsoeng, tse kang bohobe bo tšoeu le raese, kaha li ka phahamisa tsoekere le insulin.Qetellong, fokotsa ho ja nama e khubelu ’me u leke ho ja mehloli e metle ea protheine, e kang ea likhoho kapa tlhapi.
3. Ho laola boima ba 'mele: Botenya ke sesosa se seholo sa lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 2.Batho ba batenya ba na le monyetla oa ho ba le lefu la tsoekere ka makhetlo a 20 ho isa ho a 40 ho feta batho ba boima ba 'mele.Lefu la tsoekere le ka thibeloa le ho laoloa ka ho felletseng ka ho ja lijo tse leka-lekaneng, tse phetseng hantle le ho ikoetlisa kamehla.Ho ea ka phuputso ea "Lenaneo la Thibelo ea Lefu la Lefu la tsoekere (DPP)" United States, ha e bapisoa le bakuli ba fumaneng phekolo ea placebo, bakuli ba ileng ba feta lilemo tse tharo tsa ho kenella ka mokhoa oa bophelo (ILS) ba ne ba e-na le phokotso ea 58% ea kotsi ea ho ba le lefu la tsoekere.Ke habohlokoa ho hlokomela hore barutehi ba boetse ba fumane hore, ka karolelano, kilogram e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e lahlehileng e fokotsa kotsi ea ho ba le lefu la tsoekere ka 16%, 'me lipalo tsena li lokela ho sebetsa e le tšusumetso ea hore u boloke boima ba' mele bo botle.
4. Litlhahlobo tsa kamehla tsa bophelo bo botle: Litlhahlobo tsa khafetsa tsa bophelo bo botle le tlhahlobo ea lefu la tsoekere li ka fana ka leseli le felletseng la hore na u sehlopha se kotsing e kholo ea lefu la tsoekere.Tlhahlobo ea lefu la tsoekere e tla hlahloba "hemoglobin ea glycosylated” maling le “albumin” morotong.Haeba lipalo tsena tse peli li phahame ho feta tse tloaelehileng, ho bolela hore u ka 'na ua tšoaroa ke lefu la tsoekere.Re fana ka Lenaneo la Diabetes ho thusa ho thibela, ho lemoha le ho phekola lefu la tsoekere.Ho tloha ho khetholla matšoao a lefu la tsoekere pele ho ho phekola lefu la tsoekere le lefu la tsoekere la gestational, re ka fana ka kalafo e hlokahalang le thuto ho bakuli ba nang le lefu la tsoekere, e le hore bakuli ba ka khutlela bophelong bo tloaelehileng ka hohle kamoo ho ka khonehang.
Insulin ea bophelo bo botleRapid Quantitative Test e sebelisa immunofluorescence.E kopantsoe leAehealth Lamuno Xtlhahlobo ea immunofluorescence, e ka sebelisoa ho thusa ho thaepa le ho hlahloba lefu la tsoekere, e le ho fana ka meriana e nepahetseng.
Tlhahlobo e potlakileng: 5-15 min fumana liphetho;
Lipalangoang le polokelo ea mocheso oa kamore;
Liphetho tse ka tšeptjoang: E tsamaisana le maemo a machaba.
https://www.aehealthgroup.com/immunoassay-system/
Nako ea poso: Nov-16-2022